TOEFL Word List 17 — 60 Words

60 academic English words with pronunciation (audio), definitions, examples and Arabic meaning. Tap 🔊 to hear each word, then practice them as interactive flashcards.

1. 🔊innovation/ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/noun
   a new idea, method, or invention
   “The phone was a major innovation in communication.”
   ابتكار
2. 🔊organized/ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd/adjective
   arranged in a clear, planned way
   “Her desk is always neat and organized.”
   مُنظَّم
3. 🔊concrete/ˈkɒŋkriːt/adjective/noun
   real and specific; the hard building material
   “Give me a concrete example, not just theory.”
   مَلموس / خَرَسانة
4. 🔊government/ˈɡʌvərnmənt/noun
   the group of people who rule a country
   “The government announced new education plans.”
   حُكومة
5. 🔊curve/kɜːrv/noun/verb
   a smooth bent line; to bend smoothly
   “The road curves sharply around the mountain.”
   مُنحنى / يَنحني
6. 🔊composition/ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃn/noun
   what something is made of; a written or musical work
   “Scientists studied the composition of the rock.”
   تركيب / تأليف
7. 🔊suppress/səˈpres/verb
   to stop something by force; to hide feelings
   “She tried to suppress her laughter in class.”
   يَكبِت / يَقمَع
8. 🔊tight/taɪt/adjective
   fitting closely; firmly fixed; strict
   “These shoes are too tight for my feet.”
   ضَيِّق / مَشدود
9. 🔊diversity/daɪˈvɜːrsəti/noun
   a range of different people or things
   “The university values cultural diversity.”
   تنوُّع
10. 🔊collect/kəˈlekt/verb
    to bring things together from different places
    “He collects stamps from around the world.”
    يَجمَع
11. 🔊chronic/ˈkrɒnɪk/adjective
    lasting a long time (especially an illness)
    “She suffers from chronic back pain.”
    مُزمِن
12. 🔊observation/ˌɒbzərˈveɪʃn/noun
    watching something carefully to learn about it
    “Careful observation led to the discovery.”
    مُلاحَظة / مُراقَبة
13. 🔊experiment/ɪkˈsperɪmənt/noun/verb
    a scientific test to discover or prove something
    “The students did an experiment with plants and light.”
    تجربة عِلمية
14. 🔊murder/ˈmɜːrdər/noun/verb
    the crime of killing a person on purpose
    “The detective solved the murder case.”
    جريمة قتل
15. 🔊commitment/kəˈmɪtmənt/noun
    a promise to do something; dedication
    “Learning a language needs real commitment.”
    التزام
16. 🔊absolute/ˈæbsəluːt/adjective
    complete and total; not limited
    “There was absolute silence in the library.”
    مُطلَق / تامّ
17. 🔊sensitive/ˈsensətɪv/adjective
    easily affected or hurt; needing careful handling
    “Her skin is sensitive to strong sunlight.”
    حسّاس
18. 🔊fuel/ˈfjuːəl/noun/verb
    material burned to produce energy, like gas or oil
    “The plane needs more fuel before takeoff.”
    وَقود
19. 🔊cook/kʊk/verb/noun
    to prepare food with heat; a person who cooks
    “My father cooks dinner every Friday.”
    يَطبُخ / طبّاخ
20. 🔊beat/biːt/verb/noun
    to defeat someone; to hit repeatedly; a rhythm
    “Our team beat the champions two to one.”
    يَهزِم / يَضرِب / إيقاع
21. 🔊normally/ˈnɔːrməli/adverb
    usually; in the normal way
    “I normally wake up at six in the morning.”
    عادةً / بشكل طبيعي
22. 🔊rapidly/ˈræpɪdli/adverb
    very quickly
    “The city is growing rapidly every year.”
    بسُرعة
23. 🔊contribution/ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn/noun
    something you give or do to help a shared effort
    “Her contribution to the project was essential.”
    مُساهَمة
24. 🔊extreme/ɪkˈstriːm/adjective/noun
    very great in degree; far beyond normal
    “The desert has extreme heat in summer.”
    شديد / مُتطرِّف
25. 🔊pocket/ˈpɒkɪt/noun
    a small bag sewn into clothes for carrying things
    “He kept his keys in his coat pocket.”
    جَيب
26. 🔊strongly/ˈstrɒŋli/adverb
    with great force, feeling, or belief
    “I strongly recommend this book to students.”
    بِقوّة / بشدّة
27. 🔊ought/ɔːt/modal verb
    should; used to say what is right to do
    “You ought to apologize for being late.”
    يَنبغي / يَجدُر
28. 🔊gate/ɡeɪt/noun
    a door in a fence or wall; an airport exit
    “Our flight leaves from gate fifteen.”
    بوّابة
29. 🔊driver/ˈdraɪvər/noun
    a person who drives a vehicle
    “The bus driver greeted every passenger.”
    سائق
30. 🔊hand/hænd/noun/verb
    the body part at the end of your arm; to give
    “Please hand me that book on the shelf.”
    يَد / يُناوِل
31. 🔊senior/ˈsiːniər/adjective/noun
    higher in rank or older; a final-year student
    “She is a senior manager at the bank.”
    كبير / أقدم رتبةً
32. 🔊wisdom/ˈwɪzdəm/noun
    good judgment from knowledge and experience
    “People respected the old teacher for her wisdom.”
    حِكمة
33. 🔊algorithm/ˈælɡərɪðəm/noun
    a set of steps a computer follows to solve a problem
    “The search engine uses a complex algorithm.”
    خوارزمية
34. 🔊press/pres/verb/noun
    to push firmly; newspapers and journalists
    “Press the button to start the machine.”
    يَضغَط / الصحافة
35. 🔊efficient/ɪˈfɪʃnt/adjective
    working well without wasting time or energy
    “The new engine is more efficient than the old one.”
    فعّال / كُفء
36. 🔊grab/ɡræb/verb
    to take something quickly with your hand
    “She grabbed her bag and ran to the bus.”
    يَخطَف / يُمسِك بسرعة
37. 🔊scholar/ˈskɒlər/noun
    a person who studies a subject deeply
    “The scholar wrote three books on ancient history.”
    باحث / عالِم
38. 🔊maintenance/ˈmeɪntənəns/noun
    keeping something in good condition
    “The elevator is closed for maintenance today.”
    صيانة
39. 🔊assembly/əˈsembli/noun
    a group gathered together; putting parts together
    “The school holds an assembly every Monday.”
    تجمُّع / تجميع
40. 🔊agricultural/ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl/adjective
    relating to farming
    “The region depends on agricultural exports.”
    زراعيّ
41. 🔊gently/ˈdʒentli/adverb
    in a soft, careful way
    “She gently closed the baby's door.”
    بِرِفق / بلُطف
42. 🔊perception/pərˈsepʃn/noun
    the way you notice or understand something
    “Public perception of the company improved.”
    إدراك / تصوُّر
43. 🔊percentage/pərˈsentɪdʒ/noun
    an amount expressed as part of one hundred
    “A high percentage of students passed the exam.”
    نِسبة مئوية
44. 🔊organic/ɔːrˈɡænɪk/adjective
    grown without chemicals; relating to living things
    “They sell organic vegetables at the market.”
    عضويّ
45. 🔊underlying/ˌʌndərˈlaɪɪŋ/adjective
    real but hidden; forming the base of something
    “Stress was the underlying cause of his illness.”
    كامِن / أساسيّ
46. 🔊oral/ˈɔːrəl/adjective
    spoken, not written; relating to the mouth
    “The course ends with an oral exam.”
    شفهيّ / فمويّ
47. 🔊institutional/ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənl/adjective
    relating to large organizations like schools or banks
    “The report criticized institutional failures.”
    مؤسَّسيّ
48. 🔊strike/straɪk/verb/noun
    to hit; to stop working in protest
    “The workers went on strike for better pay.”
    يَضرِب / إضراب
49. 🔊versus/ˈvɜːrsəs/preposition
    against; compared with
    “Tonight's match is Brazil versus Argentina.”
    ضِدّ / مُقابِل
50. 🔊refuse/rɪˈfjuːz/verb
    to say no to something
    “He refused to sign the unfair contract.”
    يَرفُض
51. 🔊troops/truːps/noun
    soldiers, especially in large groups
    “The troops returned home after the mission.”
    قوّات / جُنود
52. 🔊facility/fəˈsɪləti/noun
    a building or service for a particular purpose
    “The hotel has a modern sports facility.”
    مَرفَق / مُنشأة
53. 🔊button/ˈbʌtn/noun
    a small object pressed to operate a machine or close clothes
    “Click the green button to send the message.”
    زِرّ
54. 🔊engine/ˈendʒɪn/noun
    the machine that makes a vehicle move
    “The car engine would not start this morning.”
    مُحرِّك
55. 🔊molecular/məˈlekjələr/adjective
    relating to molecules (the smallest units of a substance)
    “She studies molecular biology at university.”
    جُزيئيّ
56. 🔊hole/hoʊl/noun
    an empty space or opening in something
    “There is a hole in my sock.”
    ثُقب / حُفرة
57. 🔊language/ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/noun
    the system of words people use to communicate
    “Arabic is her first language.”
    لُغة
58. 🔊barely/ˈberli/adverb
    only just; almost not
    “I could barely hear the speaker from the back.”
    بالكاد
59. 🔊breast/brest/noun
    the upper front part of the body; chest
    “Doctors urge regular breast health checks.”
    ثَدي / صَدر
60. 🔊substance/ˈsʌbstəns/noun
    a particular type of material
    “Water is the most common substance on Earth.”
    مادّة

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